Saturday, December 28, 2019

December 28th is in Sweden The Innocent Children Day - About Jewish Innocent Children murdered during The Holocaust



Today - December 28th is in Sweden -The Innocent Children Day - Värnlösa barns dag.
Because of this Day, I wrote (in Swedish) an article on my blog about 14 000 Jewish Infants that were killed by King Herod in Bethlehem and about 1 500 000 innocent Jewish children that were murdered by Nazis during the Holocaust. 

On that particular day I am always thinking about Janusz Korczak and also about Holocaust victims buried in Stockholm. They were 8-10 years old when WWII started and died in Stockholm in 1945-1946.



Holocaust Memorial in Stockholm. 6 stone stabs with the names of death camps where 1.5 millon children were murdered. The granit stabs stand between the graves of Holocaust victims. Some of them born 1930. That means as young as 15 when they died in Stockholm.

1 500 000 Förintelsens barn och Menlösa-, värnlösa barnens dag.



Döda, värnlösa judiska barn i ett boskapsvagn.
Rop hörs i Rama, gråt och högljudd klagan: Rakel begråter sina barn, hon låter inte trösta sig, ty de finns inte mer.

Idag, den 28 december, anger man i almanackan att det är de menlösa-, värnlösa barnens dag. Det handlar således om de judiska, värnlösa barnen vilka Herodes lät döda i sin jakt på den nyfödde judakonungen. Dagen hette tidigare de menlösa barnens dag. Idag såg jag det stod de värnlösa barnens dag.

Att man ändrat benämning till värnlösa beror helt enkelt på att menlös ansågs ha fått en för negativ klang. I äldre svenska betydde menlös snarast oskyldig (egentligen ’utan förmåga att kunna göra något’), ’utan skada eller fel’, och menlösa barn var barn som inte hade några synder på sitt samvete.

Efter en sådan inledning vet alla som känner mig att mina tankar går till de 1 500 000 värnlösa barn som mördades under Förintelsen. Mina tankar går till Janusz Korczak och specifikt de 239 barn som leddes den 5 augusti 1942 till boskapsvagnar uppställda vid Umschlagplatz i Gettot i Warszawa. Mina tankar går Barnkonventionen/Deklarationen och det första som Korczak undertecknade i Geneve redan på 20-talet.

Ett antal läkarkort från Sigtuna beredskapssjukhuset. Alla kom dit från Frihamnen i Stockholm  lasarettfartygen.  Korten avser de som dog i Sigtuna. Observera att har ett rött kors i övre vänstra hörnan. Samma namn och samma födelseplatser, länderna finns angivna på gravhällarna runt de 6 Monumentstenarna. Frymet Einhorn var bara 11 år när kriget startade.

Mina tankar går till Förintelsens offers gravar i Stockholm och Förintelsemonumentet där. Många av de begravda där var 10-12 år gamla när Andra Världskriget startade. De 6 Minnesstenar där med namnen på dödslägren representerar just de 6 platser i Europa där merparten av de totalt mördade 1 500 000 värnlösa, judiska barn kvävdes till döds. Närmast i bild Treblinka-stenen, därefter Auschwitz-stenen. I Treblinka mördades nästan 1 000 000 judar. En tredjedel var barn.

Mina tankar går till Förintelsens offers gravar i Stockholm och Förintelsemonumentet där. Många av de begravda där var 10-12 år gamla när Andra Världskriget startade. De 6 Minnesstenar där med namnen på dödslägren representerar just de 6 platser i Europa där merparten av de totalt mördade 1 500 000 värnlösa, judiska barn kvävdes till döds.

Mina tankar går till de 100 Förintelsens offers gravar i Stockholm och Förintelsemonumentet där. Många av de begravda där var 10-12 år gamla när Andra Världskriget startade. 
De 6 Minnesstenar på Norra Judiska begravningsplatsen med namnen på dödslägren representerar just de 6 platser i Europa där merparten av de totalt mördade 6 miljoner, var 1 500 000 värnlösa, judiska barn vilka kvävdes till döds i lägrets gaskammare.

§3 som Janusz Korczak åberopar - Ett barn borde, före alla andra, få hjälp ifall ett krig.
När andra världskriget bröt ut 1939 åberopade Korczak den 3§ i Geneve Deklarationen från den 23 februari 1923. §3 i den lydde, att vid ett krig så det första man skulle se var att hjälpa barnen. Något som är så aktuellt i den svenska flyktingspolitiken.


De två flickor var enbart 8 år gamla när Andra världskriget bröt ut. De tillfrisknade på ett beredskapssjukhus i Sverige år 1945. Bilder ingår i en fotoutställning som Föreningen Förintelsens Minne förbereder för att markera slutet av Andra världskriget och Förintelsen. 75 år.
In English about Innocent Children

Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Disowning the Holocaust - Jewish Congregation in Stockholm - Part I - Judiska Församlingen i Stockholm - Ökända förehavanden - Del I

Victoria Martines, Secretary General of the Swedish Holocaust Memorial Association (SHMA), one of the speakers at the inauguration of the Second Stockholm Holocaust memorial at the North Cemetery said: We are dealing here with the restoration of human dignity and these 6 memorial stones and 100 graves are the warning against inhumanity. 

This first part "Disowning the Holocaust - Jewish Congregation in Stockholm" was written by Lucjan Feldman 1994, exactly 25 yers ago when the First Holocaust Memorial was about to be built in Stockholm. 
25 years ago, just before the 50th anniversary of the Death marches and the liberation of Auschwitz (January 1945) and Bergen-Belsen camps (April 1945). 

Now, 25 years later when it is 75th anniversary of the events described above the same Board of the Jewish Congregation in Stockholm decided to remove the Second Holocaust Memorial, 6 granite slabs with the names of the death camps. These memorial stones are placed between the graves of Holocaust victims, mainly Jewish women freed from German concentration camps in the collapsing Third Reich, and brought to Sweden for medical care. Some of them died already on board of the White ships from Lubeck and numerous others almost directly in the hospitals in Stockholm. 


Victoria Martines, Secretary General of the Swedish Holocaust Memorial Association (SHMA), one of the speakers at the inauguration of the Second Stockholm Holocaust memorial at the North Cemetery said:
We are dealing here with the restoration of human dignity and these 6 memorial stones and 100 graves are the warning against inhumanity. 


Disowning The Holocaust

by Lucjan Feldman 

Early this year [1994] Halina Neujahr and Romuald Wroblewski of the Association of Holocaust Survivors in Sweden initiated a project to build a Holocaust Memorial in Stockholm. Though remaining neutral during WWII Sweden has in early 1945 acted for release, and then opened its doors to busloads of Jews freed from German concentration camps in the collapsing Third Reich, many of whom subsequently have made their home here. The proposed monument has the form of 7 granite slabs arranged as a symbolic menorah, on which stone tablets with engraved names, dates and places will be fastened. To date the Association has gathered approximately 4 000 [presently 6 000 +] names from all over Sweden, seven of which are of my family members. And, lest it be left unsaid, they have also by now secured enough funds to cover the construction and the erection of the monument, so the project has definitely left the stage of the wishful thinking.Because it cannot be ruled out that no additional victim names will come to the Association's knowledge after the unveiling of the Memorial, the concept calls for a flexible monument format, one which will allow incorporation of more name-tablets in the near future. It also stipulates that the Memorial be placed in the courtyard of the Great Synagogue in Stockholm, where it will cover an adjoining anonymous gray concrete fire-wall that separates the building from a Catholic church in the same city block.

Before it was chosen five other locations were investigated but found unsuitable for the purpose. In the end this central place seemed not only relevant to the cause of keeping the memory of Holocaust victims aflame but, because each year upwards of 3000 local students visit the Synagague as part of their high-school curriculum, also of great educational potential. Education for the present AND future generations. After all, facing a visible roll of names, dates and for Swedish ears unfamiliar-sounding places is a much more tangible evidence of the Holocaust, than the usual, at best fuzzy knowledge of "something like that" having happened. The Holocaust is not taught in public schools in Sweden, not even in the sole Jewish school in Stockholm.

Placing the monument in this spot, the immediate vicinity of the Great Synagague, has also received full approval of the City of Stockholm planning committee -- a monument is after all also a public structure, and here it is of utmost importance that it not become an easy target for vandals etc. So the Memorial seems as good as sealed and delivered, right? Alas, nothing could be more wrong.

Because, strange as it may sound, the board of the local Jewish Congregation - the steering committee and the owner of the Synagogue-- has thus far been less than lukewarm in its reception of a Holocaust "presence" in the designated location. Some other place -- sure, by all means, as long as it's not right there on their doorstep where, if my reading of governors' minds is anywhere near correct, the monument presumably would be associated with themselves, the Swedish Jews (the horror, the horror).

Which is why and in spite of great urgency - inauguration of the Memorial is planned for late April 1995, to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the liberation of many Nazi concentration camps in 1945-- the governors drag their feet to delay giving the formal permission that the Association needs in order to proceed with the construction of the monument.

And no, I am not making this up. I go strictly by the opinions of the board as expressed in official minutes of two recent meetings. Their position in a nutshell: since no "Swedish Jews" perished in the Holocaust (true depending on who classifies whom to be a "Swedish Jew"), then the rememberance of it can hardly be of concern for the local Jewish congregation. That's the major argument. Minor ones against the proposed placement include that the place is sometimes being used as a parking lot, that on that fire-wall there is a frame for attaching of a Sukkah, that children sometimes play in the court while their parents attend the synagogue services and that one of the principals of the Association that wants that monument is not a de-facto member of the congregation.

The fact that there are 400--500 Holocaust survivors still alive in Sweden, plus a couple of thousands of post-war Jewish emigrants, many of them of the Second and now Third Generation, children of survivors for whom such monument seems more than appropriate, carries little weight in the minds of the elders of the Swedish-Jewish community that has never been very keen on welcoming the 'Ostjuden' into its fold. And certainly not enough to counter-weight a canopy on a wall for a Sukkah, a structure which has been known to stand in the desert without the benefit of a supporting wall, but that's another story.

And so it goes. After 9 months of talks The Association is slowly being pushed into a position in which they will have to request that the City of Stockholm --a gentile body-- assign them another, presumably equally central and vandal-proof, though hardly as prominent location for the Memorial, because the most suitable one has been stonewalled (an apt description!) by officials of the Jewish congregation. Well, indisputably it ain't their dead.

A lot has been said about outright denial of the Holocaust, from "mere" doubting the existence of gas chambers to that of negating the demographic absence of millions of European Jews... we don't need to discuss that. Yet using the same measure I wonder if the above position of --after all-- a Jewish body shouldn't be classified as an attempt to disown the Holocaust. Not deny that it has happened, only that it has happened only to some other Jews.FEEDBACK: Romuald.Wroblewski@onkpat.ki.se
of the SHMA, the Swedish Holocaust Memorial Association.
published 1994-11-23
annotated 1995-12-26
Now: romwro@gmail.com

Najbardziej srogie Paragrafy Skazujące w Domu Sierot na Krochmalnej i w Naszym Domu na Bielanach. Regulamin Domu Sierot z 1933 roku.


W listach "miłosnych" Józefa do Helenki Lewi pisanych tuz przed letnim wyjazdem na kolonie do Gocławka znalazłem informacje o ostatniem przedwojennym zebraniu sądu na którym jedno z dzieci  zostało wydalone z Domu Sierot.

Do sądu dzieci mogły podawać nie tylko siebie nawzajem, ale również dorosłych – wychowawców i wszystkich pozostałych pracowników domu łącznie z Doktorem. Funkcję sędziów pełnili losowo wybrani ci członkowie społeczności – dzieci i opiekunowie – którzy w ostatnim czasie nie mieli problemów z prawem. Kodeks sądowy stworzony przez Korczaka liczył 1000 paragrafów (tak naprawdę to trochę mniej), z czego dopiero § 500 wyznaczał karę, a tylko ostatni § 1000 decydował o wydaleniu dziecka lub pracownika z zakładu.

§ 500: wyrok z imieniem i nazwiskiem ogłasza się w gazetce zakładowej.
§ 600: — Sąd wywiesza wyrok na tablicy na przeciąg tygodnia i ogłasza w gazecie.
§ 700: prócz tego co przynosi w skutkach
§ 600 treść wyroku przesyła się rodzinie.
§ 800: pozbawienie praw obywatelskich na przeciąg tygodnia.
§ 900: — wydala z zakładu. Może jednak pozostać, jeżeli ktoś weźmie go na swoją odpowiedzialność. Opiekun odpowiada przed Sądem za wszystkie jego winy. Sąd określa czas trwa­nia opieki.
§ 1000: — wydalenie.

Każdemu wydalonemu przysługuje prawo po upływie 3 miesięcy
zwrócenia się z prośbą o ponowne przyjęcie.










Original drawing by Janusz Korczak


Good Luck

Korczak

and Janusz Korczak´s best known

drawing of the Sparrow!

Monday, December 23, 2019

Korczak Dom Sierot we wrześniu 1939 r - Nowe dokumenty - stare wspomnienia



File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-L14673, Warschau, Luftaufnahme von Bränden.jpg



Mały Przegląd : pismo dzieci i młodzieży : tygodniowy dodatek bezpłatny do nr 244 "Naszego Przeglądu". R. 17, nr 35 (1 września 1939) - ostatni numer pisma.

Ostatni numer gazety "Mały Przegląd" ukazał się 1 września 1939 r. Nie man w tym numerze wzmianki o wojnie. Tylko w jednym artykule jest wspomniany Hitler.


I własciwie już we wrześniu 1939 r. zaczyna się walka o przetrwanie.


Bomby spadają na Warszawe. Korczak wraz z grupą starszych dzieci i nauczycieli dyżuruje na dachu domu, gasząc bomby zapalające.

Gdy wybucha wojna, Stary Doktor z radiowych pogadanek dla dzieci i rodziców ma sześćdziesiąt jeden lat, lecz jako major Wojska Polskiego szykuje się do pójścia na front. Odrzucony z powodu podeszłego wieku staje do walki przy mikrofonie, by do ostatniej chwili walczącej Warszawy, w huku bomb, nawoływać do walki i do wiary w zwycięstwo, do spokoju dorosłych i dzieci. W Domu Sierot gasi na dachu z innymi pracownikami bomby zapalające (od których zginął pracownik Sztokman, osieracając dziecko). Codziennie też pod hukiem lecących bomb odbywa dalekie marsze do śródmieścia odszukując zabłąkane, ranne dzieci i przynosi je do Domu Sierot, opatruje, by następnie oddać rodzicom.

W pierwszych dniach września na Dom Sierot spadło siedem pocisków. Pożary ugaszono. Była to między innymi zasługa Józefa Sztokmana. Należał do O.P.L - Obrona Przeciwlotnicza.

Józef Sztokman, to wychowanek a następnie. pracownik Domu Sierot. On spal nad dachu w chłodne noce a pózniej gasząc bomby zapalające dostal zapalenia płuc i umarł w poczatkach 1940 roku.

Naprzeciwko Domu Sierot, pod nr 87 pali się fabryka Fabryka pończoch Esgiwa (27 pracowników)

22–23 września 1939, gdy w kalendarzu żydowskim wypadał Jom Kipur po przerwie w bombardowaniach, Luftwaffe celowo skoncentrowała swój atak na cywilną dzielnicę żydowską w Warszawie; celami ataku były zabudowania cywilne i synagogi.