The Kielce Pogrom after WWII, July 4, 1946 - Yet it was not the year 1942. It was the year 1946!

She survived the Holocaust but not the pogrom in Kielce in 1946. She and her child were shot one year after WWII ended.

Jewish soldiers from WW II and former prisoners of concentration camps were among the victims of the Kielce pogrom. On July 8, 1946, the victims of the pogrom were buried at the Jewish cemetery in Kielce. Several trials grew out of the Kielce pogrom. During the first such trial, nine people were sentenced to death. By September and October, other trials were being held in Kielce in which the accused were not only civilians but also soldiers and policemen. 

First, I have to explain what is the Blood Libel?

The “blood libel” refers to a centuries-old false allegation that Jews murder Christians – especially Christian children – to use their blood for ritual purposes, such as an ingredient in the baking of Passover matzah (unleavened bread). It is also sometimes called the “ritual murder charge.” The blood libel dates back to the Middle Ages and has persisted despite Jewish denials and official repudiations by the Catholic Church and many secular authorities. Blood libels have frequently led to mob violence and pogroms, and have occasionally led to the decimation of entire Jewish communities.


The blood libel spread throughout the Christian world in the Middle Ages. When a Christian child went missing, it was not uncommon for local Jews to be blamed. Even when there was no evidence that any Jew had anything to do with the missing child. The blood libel spread throughout the Christian world in the Middle Ages and evidently also in 1946 in Kielce, Poland.

The pogrom in Kielce took place on July 4, 1946. but some events which are very strongly connected with that pogrom started a few days before. Like in the Middle Ages, a Christian child went missing, and local Jews were blamed.

The nine-year-old boy, Henryk (Henio) Błaszczyk, left home on July 1, without informing his parents. Henryk set out to visit family Bartosiński, friends of his parents in the village of Bielaki, almost 25 kilometers from Kielce. Henryk's visit took place during summer vacation, and it was not the boy's first visit there. During the war, his family had lived in the village for some time as well. In Kielce, Henryk's father, Walenty Błaszczyk, troubled by his son's absence, began searching for him. When searches and inquiries brought no results, Henryk was reported missing to the police at midnight. On July 3, Henryk decided to return home, and that evening he came back to Kielce. However, on the next day morning, July 4, the boy's father set out for the police station with his son and one of the neighbors. On the way, they passed the house where Jewish families lived in Kielce, the so-called Jewish house.

According to the testimony given by the father and the neighbors, they asked the boy if he had been kept at the Jewish home. The boy afraid of his own escape to the village of Bielaki, stated that he had been held there, but he also pointed to one short man standing near the Jewish house and said that this man had put him in a cellar. Rumors that started from the time Henryk was missing changed to the pogrom!


Jewish soldiers from WW II and former prisoners of concentration camps were among the victims. Jewish woman, Estera Proszowska, was killed because she helped wounded Jews.

She survived the Holocaust but not the pogrom in Kielce in 1946. One year after WWII ended.

The coffin of the child that survived the Holocaust but not the pogrom in Kielce 1946. One year after WWII ended.

On July 4th, 1946 Izak "Antek" Cukierman took part in a meeting with Polish Prime Minister Edward Osobka-Morawski. At some point, the prime minister was called to the phone. When he returned, he announced the audience that the pogrom took place in Kielce. "Antek" was the first that came to Kielce, Warsaw, bringing with him two trucks of medicines and other necessary measures.

Cukierman recalled:
I went out on the streets of Kielce, the city was like a ghost. I was taken to the morgue. I saw dozens of bodies. Still, they brought new bodies of Jews murdered on the road. I've seen pregnant women with the ripped bellies. I can not describe what I saw. Yet it was not the year 1942. It was the year 1946!

On July 8, 1946, the victims of the pogrom were buried at the Jewish cemetery in Kielce. Several trials grew out of the Kielce pogrom. During the first such trial, nine people were sentenced to death. By September and October, other trials were being held in Kielce in which the accused were not only civilians, but also soldiers and policemen. 

They survived the Holocaust but not the pogrom in Kielce 1946. One year after WWII ended.

Henryk Błaszczyk’s story - the movie Henio – 23', 1996, 

dir. Andrzej Miłosz and Piotr Weychert

At the beginning of July 1946, an eight-year-old boy Henryk (Henio) Błaszczyk was reported missing in Kielce by his father.  He was found after two days. The police ordered the father to bring the boy to the local police station. A crowd gathered outside and rumors started circulating that the boy had escaped from the cellar of a house in which he had been imprisoned by Jews who allegedly kidnapped Jewish children and ritually murdered them. The crowd rushed to the local Jewish Commune on Planty Street, home to some 150 Jews who had survived the Holocaust. This is how the so-called Kielce Pogrom began.

Henryk Błaszczyk kept silent for 50 years. In 1996 he decided to give an account of what he still remembered of the events of 1946. In the autumn of 1945, after his father’s return from forced labor in Germany, the Błaszczyk family moved from a village to Kielce. They suffered great poverty, often going hungry. One day Henryk went to the village of Bielaki, where he stayed with the  Bartosińskis. At long last he had enough to eat and was happy there. He wanted to remain with the family for good but eventually, he returned home after three or four days. His father was not angry with him, but the next morning he took him to the police station and ordered him to say that he had been kidnapped by Jews, had been kept in a cellar, and had managed to sneak out of the window thanks to assistance offered by a Jewish boy. 

When Henio and his father approached the police station, a throng of agitated people was already gathered outside. The boy was kept in detention until January 1947. Later on, he saw his father drinking vodka with secret police agents visiting their home. Both the father and mother told him to keep silent, warning him that ‘otherwise he would have his head chopped off’.  Small wonder that he kept silent for so many years. Henryk Błaszczyk’s story lacks clarity but the ambiguities will never be explained. He died shortly after being interviewed for the film. 

Pińsk Holocaust - from 30.000 (1941) to 37 (1944)

When WWII started in September 1939, there were approx. 30.000 Jews in Pińsk. When city was liberated on July 14, 1944 by the Red Army, only seventeen Jews who had been hidden by Christian families came out of hiding. The names are known of twenty others who had escaped to the forests and joined the partisans.


1941
On the July 4th 1941, the Nazi-German army conquered Pinsk. It was the first large city in occupied territories whose Jewish population was to be completely annihilated. On the 9th of July, part of the Einsatzgruppe of the SS (for special tasks) arrived in Pinsk and immediately began persecuting the Jews including the murdering of several of them. On 30 July 1941, Reichsf hrer SS Heinrich Himmler order in this manner: “All of the Jewish men in Pinsk sh ould be executed, and the women and children should be driven into the swamps".

... Jewish women and children should be driven into the swamps!

On July 4th, 1941, the Nazi armies conquered Pinsk. Beginning July 9, 1941, part of the commando forces of the operation detachment for special projects, was settled in Pinsk and started with decrees and persecutions against the Jews, including individuals’ murder. 

July 1941. Germans conquered Pinsk. New German signs on the street.

The August 1941 Aktion took place about a month after the Germans arrived. On August 2 or 3, 1941, Franz Magill, commander of the mounted unit (Reitende Abteilung) of the SS 2nd Cavalry Brigade, received the following order (evidently from Himmler): 

By order of the RFSS, all Jews aged 14 and over who are found in areas being combed shall be shot to death; Jewish women and children shall be driven into the marshes. The Jews are the partisans reserve force; they support them. The killing by gunfire shall be carried out in accordance with orders from the local SD offices. In the city of Pinsk, the killing by shooting shall be carried out by cavalry companies 1 and 4, which are to be transferred to Pinsk. This Aktion is to begin at once. A report on the implementation shall be submitted. 

Magill forwarded the deadly order to the cavalry companies, and the killings took place on August 5–8, 1941

On the 5th of August 1941, 8,000 Jewish males were killed by the first cavalry company of the SS, near the village of Posienicze – Iwaniki, approx. 4 Km. north from Pińsk. The Nazis used the pretext that Jews were being taken to work as laborers for three days. The murdering continued through the 6th of August. The German fourth cavalry arrived in Pińsk later on August 6th to help expedite the actions. 

On the 5th of August 1941, 8,000 Jewish males were killed by the first cavalry company of the SS, near the village of Posienicze – Iwaniki, approx. 4 km north from Pinsk. 

On the 7th of August 1941, the two companies along with the local Polish militia drove Jews out of their homes to the gathering area near the village of Kozlakowicze, west from the Pinsk along the Pina river. The murder of Jewish males from the age of 6 upwards continued and another 3,000 were murdered.

On the 7^th of August 1941, the two companies along with the local Polish militia drove Jews out of their homes to the gathering area near the village of Kozlakowicze, west from the Pinsk along the Pina river. The murder of Jewish males from the age of 6 upwards continued and another 3,000 were murdered.  The picture shows Brzeska street leading to the place of execution arrow.

On the 7^th of August 1941, the two companies along with the local Polish militia drove Jews out of their homes to the gathering area near the village of Kozlakowicze, west from the Pinsk along the Pina river. The murder of Jewish males from the age of 6 upwards continued and another 3,000 were murdered. 

See MAP OF PINSK

http://www.mapywig.org/m/WIG_maps/series/100K/A40_B42_(XXIII-20)_PINSK_1925_600dpi_bcuj298426-289575.jpg

During these tragic days in the first days of August 1941 at least 11,000 Jewish males lost their lives. During the evening of the 8th of August, orders were received by the cavalry company to leave Pińsk and continue on to other destinations while combing the area as per the original plan. This later order enabled part of the Pinsk community – made up mainly of women and children – to live for a little over a year. 

Approximately 20,000 Jews were left behind after the departure of the SS cavalry units.

Nazi Alfred Ebner in Pinsk. Ebner is responsible of death of 30.000 Jews in Pinsk, among them my family (Wasserman, Wajserman).

1942

On May 1, 1942 the remaining Jews of Pińsk (approx. 20.000) were all deported to a new ghetto. Pinsk Ghetto established in the poor section of the city of Linishches.

Pinsk Ghetto. There were just 3 gates to the ghetto, all from the South. Karlin Cemetery in the north-east corner of the ghetto was the place of numerous daily burials and the place of the last action in December 24, 1942 (One day before Christmas Eve).

In the archives at Brest, a 550 pages of authentic documents of the events and a detailed breakdown of the Pińsk ghetto’s population were discovered during research carried out by the Yad Vshem Holocaust memorial institute. This rare discovery included a list of 18,287 names of the Jews who lived in the Pińsk Ghetto. These lists were written in German and were prepared just 2 months prior to the disintegration of the Ghetto in late October 1942 and they included: the family name, the first name, year of birth, ghetto address, profession and place of employment. 

However, among the pages, 30 pages are missing. These missing pages would contain about additional 1000 names.

There were 73 names with surname Wasserman or Wajserman on the Pinsk Ghetto list. Most of them  women an children. My grandfather Baruch, Boruch Wasserman was not on that list. It means that he was murdered before the ghetto was established. His brother Josif tahat was running bakery is on the list as "funeral worker". My fathers sister Rywa (Puba) is on the list as well as children of my grandfather (Izaak and Nisia) from his 2nd marriage and his wife Dasha. That means that they were murdered in Dobra Wola or as it is also called Dobrovolia.

On October 22, 1942 rumors broke out in the ghetto that Christians were digging deep pits near the farm of Dobra Wola - Dobrovolia. Panic broke out, and in order to calm the public Ebner gave his word to the members of the Judenrat, that these pits were intended for storage of fuel for the airport placed there. 

On Wednesday, October 28th, 1942 it was a comparatively quiet day in the ghetto. Searches at the gates of those who returned from work were perfunctory and most of the food brought in was allowed to pass. There were less beatings by the Polish policemen than usual, but there were earlier rumors and tension in the ghetto!

German report about the aktion in the Pinsk Ghetto. There is an information that one Jew attacked during the action German officer sitting on a horse. The Jewish fighter was shot by other Germans.

On Sunday, November 1st, 1942, there was the last selection among the Survivors at the Hospital next to the Ghetto (Szpital Ziemski). During the three days of the action, hundreds temporerly saved came to the hospital to join those who had been set earlier aside as skilled or otherwise required workers, hoping to save their lives there. The hospital place became overcrowded and squalid. No food was given and the only nourishment was raw beets and other roots, brought in from the nearby vegetable gardens. Even from the pits, twenty young men were brought back to the hospital. They had already undressed, when the Germans, observing their strong build, asked them whether they wanted to work. “If you work, you will live”. But the skilled workers and others were sorted again: not all were to be spared. They were told that they will go to the work. S. S. troops, however, instead of leading the men to work, took them to the Karlin cemetery and shot them on the spot, a scene witnessed by hundreds of Jews watching from the hospital windows.

143 Jews remaining after this selection were handed over to the Polish police, who conveyed them via Albrektowska and Zawalna streets to the city jail on Brzeska street. 

Later "the remaining Jews" were transferred to the Little Ghetto.

During November - December 1942, the searches for hiding Jews in the area of the old ghetto continued. Practically every day Jews were found and murdered. These searches were organized by the head of the Polish police. During the nights, the inmates of the little ghetto could see cought Jews who had been apprehended sitting on the ground, in the cold, not far from the fires the policemen kept going. They were as if petrified, neither speaking nor crying. During the weeks of hiding they had been half frozen, starved and haunted by constant fear. Among them were babies. They had to wait until a sufficient number of Jews had been collected. Then they would be led to Dobra Wola - Dobrovole and shot. 

On December 23, 1942, 143 "saved workes" were murdered at Karlin Cemetery in the north-east corner of the ghetto. Karlin Cemetery was earlier the place of numerous daily burials and become the place of the last action in Pinsk ghetto, just one day before Christmas Eve 1942.


1944

On July, 14th, 1944 Pińsk was captured by the Red Army. Only 37 Pinsk Jews, of 30.000 prior to Holocaust, survived.

Only 37 Pinsk Jews, of 30.000 prior to Holocaust, survived. Most of the Pinsk Jews were murdered at above marked 4 places. The Pinsk city and Karlin Cemetery in the north-east corner of the ghetto is the fifth place. Karlin Cemetery was earlier the place of numerous daily burials and become the place of the last action in Pinsk ghetto, just one day before Christmas Eve 1942.

Epilog 20 years after Pinsk Holocaust

Katharina von Kellenbach, Ebners niece wrote; 
I was about thirteen when I read that my uncle, Alfred Ebner, was accused of killing 30,000 Jews, and that his trial was to be discontinued because of health considerations. Alfred Ebner was sitting across the table from me while I was reading this news release. He was a regular guest at family gatherings and I had often visited his family's house in Stuttgart before my family moved to Munich. I remember my confusion and inability to make sense of this information while he sat peacefully (and apparently healthy) among my family. What was I to make of the fact that my family did not censure him? Would my family not ostracize him if he had killed one person, or two? The fact that he sat among us unperturbed seemed to imply that these murders never happened. I wondered, how does one person kill 30.000 people? Where did he do it? Who were his victims?

Pińsk - Holocaust - Zagłada - Eksterminacja pińskich Żydów - Пинск

1941

Pinsk, 4 sierpnia 1941 roku. Pierwsza akcja miała miejsce w poniedziałek wieczorem, Niemcy  wraz z polską policją, zajechali pod żydowskie domy w różnych częściach miasta i aresztowali  300 mężczyzn.

Judenrat zwrócił się o pomoc do polskiego burmistrza Sliwinskiego, a on zgodził się dołączyć do delegacji Judenratu która udał się do niemieckiego dowódcy Pińska. Dowódca wyrzucił ich i nakazał burmistrzowi powiadomić Żydów, że wszyscy mężczyźni w wieku od osiemnastu do sześćdziesięciu maja się zgłosić na stacje kolejowa, do pracy. Jeśli nie przyjda to 300 więźniów będzie ukarany śmiercią. To zagrożenie podziało i wiely zgłosilo sie na stacji. 

Ponieważ ilość zgłaszajacych się na stacji nie spełniala wg. Niemców ich postawionych warunków, kazali większości  członków Judenratu przyłączyć się do tych, którzy przyszli na dworzec. Gdy liczba ludzi osiągnęła 8000, Niemcy ustawili ich w dwóch rzedach i nakazał im, oddac  zegarki i opróżnić kieszenie z pieniędzy, dokumentów i innych przedmiotów. Niemcy oddzielili 150 robotników,do pracy nad naprawie mostu. 300 zakładników zostało sprowadzonych z piwnic Żandarmerii. Zebranym na stacji kazano maszerować na północ, w kierunku miejscowości Iwaniki i Posienicze. Szli,  otoczeni esesmanami, którzy eskortowali ich, konno i na motocyklach. 

Stara mapa z lat 30-tych. Posienicze - Iwaniki, Te dwie wsie sa zaznaczone na północ od Pińska.  To miejsce masowej eksterminacji pińskich Żydów. 5 sierpnia 1941 roku.

Posienicze - Iwaniki, 5 sierpnia 1941 roku - masowa akcja eksterminacji pińskich Żydów . Na początku faszyści aresztowali grupę zakładników, a potem pod groźbą ich rozstrzelania rozkazali zebrać się na dworcu kolejowym żydowskim mężczyznom Pińska, rzekomo w celu wysłania ich na roboty, z zapasem jedzenia na trzy dni i dokumentami. Oddzielili specjalistów do remontu mostu, pozostałych – kilka tysięcy ludzi – pognali ulica 1 Maja w kierunku pólnocnym. Gdy doszli w pobliże wsi Iwaniki, Niemcy kazali wszystkim Żydom isć w kierunku dołów, które zostały wcześniej wykopane.i wtedy zaczeli strzelac. Wielu próbowało uciec w kierunku pól, ale Niemcy zastrzelili większość z nich. O dziewiątej wieczór  Niemcy zabili wszystkich złapanych Żydów. Tylko trzem udało się uciec i powrocić do miasta. Tych, którzy przeżyli opowiadali, co się stało z tysiącami ludzi. Kiedy czoło kolumny napotkało karabiny, skierowane na nich, ci, którzy byli dalej od dołów, wewnątrz kolumny, zaczęli sie rozbiegać. Pojedynczym udało sie ocalić. Następnego dnia faszyści zagnali tutaj grupę Żydów do sprzątnięcia trupów, a potem rozstrzelali i ją. Ku pamięci tych tragicznych wydarzeń na prawo od drogi Pińsk-Łogiszyn-Iwacewicze postawiono pomnik.

Koźlakowicze, 7 sierpnia 1941 roku miało miejsce jedno z pierwszych masowych rozstrzelań pińskich Żydów. Potem rozstrzelano tutaj pacjentów żydowskiego szpitala, umysłowo chorych, przebywających w getcie. Obecnie na tym miejscu jest znak pamiątkowy. 

Koźlakowicze. Ulica Brzeska z centrum miasta na zachód, w latach 40-tych była nieco krótsza niż teraz. Za miastem przechodziła ona w brukowaną drogę, która szła w kierunku Brześcia. Na lewo od drogi – wieś Koźlakowicze, obecnie wchodząca do administracji miasta. Obok Koźlakowiczów 7 sierpnia 1941 roku miało miejsce jedno z pierwszych masowych rozstrzelań pińskich Żydów. Potem rozstrzelano tutaj pacjentów żydowskiego szpitala, umysłowo chorych, przebywających w getcie. Mapa z 2010 roku.

Koźlakowicze. Ulica Brzeska z centrum miasta na zachód, była wtedy nieco krótsza niż teraz. Za miastem przechodziła ona w brukowaną drogę, która szła w kierunku Brześcia. Na lewo od drogi – wieś Koźlakowicze, obecnie wchodząca do administracji miasta. Obok Koźlakowiczów 7 sierpnia 1941 roku miało miejsce jedno z pierwszych masowych rozstrzelań pińskich Żydów. Potem rozstrzelano tutaj pacjentów żydowskiego szpitala, umysłowo chorych, przebywających w getcie.

1942


Dobra Wola - epilog. Masowe rozstrzelania więźniów pińskiego getta, które zabrały około 18 tysięcy istnień, miały miejsce tutaj od 29 października do 1 listopada 1942 roku. Droga na miejsce egekucji nie jest opisana. Do dobrej Woli mozna bylo dotrzec albo glowna droga na polnoc terza i skrecic na rozdrozu wsi.W 1943 roku faszyści wywlekli trupy, spalili je na ogromnych ogniskach, popiół zakopali w ziemi. To wszystko zrobili Niemcy z Batalionu policyjnego 306.

Dobra Wola to miejsce zagłady pińskich Żydów w 1942 roku.  Wszystkie Pages of Testimony  na powyższym zdjeciu zawieraja "Place of Death: Dobra Wola".

Świadek zagłady pińskich Żydów w folwarku Dobra Wola, który był zmuszony do pracy wewnątrz wykopanych masowych grobach, dołach opisał procedure mordów: "W drugim dniu akcji, wysłano mnie do pracy w dołach Dobra Wola. Tam, co dzień, przyganiali coraz więcej Żydów. Żydzi byli zmuszani by uklęknąć i rozebrać się do naga. Jeden Niemiec prowadził pojedynczo nagiego Żyda do krawędzi dołu, podczas gdy inny zabijal go strzałem w tył głowy. Później musieliśmy, pracujacy w rowach Żydzi ukladać rzedami, w wielu warstwach tych wszystkich, którzy zostali rozstrzelani. Gdy Niemiec opróżniał swój pistolet, drugi Niemiec ladował nastepny tak, żeby to szatańskie morderstwo mógło być kontynuowane bez przerwy".

Iwaniki i Posienicze - to miejsca zagłady pińskich Żydów w 1941 roku. Dobra Wola to miejsce zagłady pińskich Żydów w 1942 roku. Trzy miejsca na zachód od centrum .

Lista na 544 stronach z 17.344 nazwiskami Żydów z Pińskiego Getta, byla zrobiona przez Niemców w lecie 1942 roku. Numer 2690 na liscie z getta pińskiego (tlumaczenie z niemieckiego na rosyjski) to moja ciocia Вассерман Puba (po rosyjsku lista) - Wasserman Riwa. Na orginalnej liscie miala wpisany zawód, sekretarka piszaca na maszynie.

Numer 2690 na liscie z getta pińskiego to moja ciocia Вассерман Puba (po rosyjsku lista) - Wasserman Riwa.

1942

Cmentarz w Karlinie, 23 grudnia 1942. Na miejscu zburzonego i zabudowanego po wojnie karlińskiego cmentarza znajduje się skwer upamiętniający więźniów pińskiego getta. W czasie okupacji tutaj chowali Żydów, zmarłych z głodu i chorób, rozstrzelanych za próby przyniesienia do getta swoim matkom, żonom, dzieciom jedzenia, za pojawienie się na ulicy bez żółtych naszywek, za to, że zbliżyli się do ogrodzenia lub zbyt wcześnie rano przychodzili ku kolumnie po wodę. 
Ostatnich Żydów z Getta w Pińskiego rozstrzelano na terenie getta na cmentarzu. To bylo 23 grudnia 1942 roku. Rozstrzelani na cmentarzu to 143 specjalistów. 
, 
Pozostalych zaprowadzono do "polskiego " więźenia gdzie warunki w porównaniu z gettem były dużo lepsze.

1944
14 lipca 1944 roku Pińsk zostaje zdobyty przez Armię Czerwoną. Z 30.000 Żydów ocalało 37.

Alfred Ebner murdered my family (Wasserman) in Pinsk and 30000 other Jews. Never convicted! Read the entire story below written by Katharina von Kallenbach, Ebners relative!

Epilog 20 lat po Holocauście Pińska

Katharina von Kellenbach, krewna Ebner napisała;

Miałam trzynaście lat, kiedy przeczytałem, że mój wujek, Alfred Ebner, został oskarżony o zabicie 30.000 Żydów, i że jego proces zostanie przerwany ze względów zdrowotnych. Alfred Ebner siedział przy stole naprzeciwko mnie, jak ja czytałam ten komunikat prasowy. Był stałym gościem w naszym domu w Monachium, przychodzil na uroczystości rodzinne a ja często odwiedzałam jego dom rodziny w Stuttgarci, zanim moja rodzina przeniosła się do Monachium. Pamiętam zamieszanie i niezdolność zrozumienia sensu tej informacji, podczas gdy on siedział spokojnie (i pozornie w dobrym zdrowu) u mojej rodziny. Co miałem zrobić z tym, że moja rodzina nie wyraziła wotum nieufności wobec niego? Czy nie powinna moja rodzina wykluczyć go, czy zabił jedną osobę, czy dwie? Fakt, że on siedział wśród nas niewzruszony wydawał się sugerować, że nigdy te morderstwa nie miały miejsca. Zastanawiałam się, w jaki sposób jeden człowiek zabił 30000 ludzi? Gdzie on to zrobił? Kim były jego ofiary?

Alfred Ebner murdered my family (Wasserman) in Pinsk and 30000 other Jews. Never convicted!
Read the story below of Ebners relative!
http://www.aish.com/jw/s/48882597.html

Mini bez rośnie

Kilka lat temu dostałem na wpół żywy, połamany krzaczek bzu od siostry w Warszawie. Bez który robotnicy tynkujący jej dom połamali straszliwie chodząc po nim. Siostra powiedziała że to tzw. Mini Bez.

Zagoglowałem na "mini bez" i pierwsze co znalazłem to powyższą notatka Polaka ze Sztokholmu opisującego swoje seksualne doświadczenia w czasie świeta Midsommar.

policja niewiele moze zrobic bo pijane do nieprzytomnosci Szwedki i tak nie pamietaja kto i co zaszlo.
W tym problem w pijanstwie kobiet w ktorym szwecja tez przoduje.
Mlode Szwedki upijaja sie tak samo jak mezczyzni.
Lato biale noce pijana 16 latkka w mini spodniczce bez majtek lezy w krzakach, kto by sie oparl?
To tak jakby znalezc 1000 koron na ulicy, kto nie podniesie?

Zagoglowałem na "mini bez" i pierwsze co znalazłem to powyższą notatka Polaka ze Sztokholmu opisującego swoje seksualne doświadczenia w czasie świeta Midsommar.

Helsinki, czerwiec 2013. Całkiem żywy  poprzednio połamany krzaczek bzu od siostry w Warszawie. Bez który robotnicy tynkujący jej dom połamali straszliwie chodząc po nim. Siostra powiedziała że to tzw. Mini Bez.

Bez pachnie cudownie!

Marlene Dietrich vid Ghetto Fighters Monumentet i Warszawa - Vilket år var det?

Marlene Dietrich köpte blommor vid Aleje Jerozolimskie (här hörnan Krucza gatan) för att senare lägga de vid Monumentet till minnet av Upproret i Warszawas Ghetto.

När Marlene Dietrich fick ett bud från Joseph Goebbels att återigen spela i Tyskland tackade hon nej. Hennes filmer blev då bojkottade i hemlandet på order av nazisterna. År 1939 blev hon amerikansk medborgare och började sjunga chanson.

Marlene Dietrich approaching the Ghetto Fighters Monument in Warszawa. Also in the photo (background): the building that housed the ghetto's Judenrat.

Från 1943 reste hon runt och underhöll amerikanska trupper, bland annat med sången "Lili Marlene". Dietrichs politiska och sociala aktiviteter mot nazisterna blev tidigt uppskattade utanför Tyskland men i hennes hemland fanns en del röster som kallade Dietrich för förrädare.

Marlene Dietrich fick 1947 Frihetsmedaljen, den största utmärkelsen för amerikanska civilister. 1950 tilldelades henne hederstiteln "Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur" (riddare av hederslegionen) av den franska regeringen. De franska presidenterna Georges Pompidou och senare François Mitterrand befordrade Dietrich till "Officier" respektive "Commandeur" av hederslegionen.

Dietrich var tvenne gånger i Warszawa, 1964 och 1966. Bilderna tagna av fotografen Marek Langda. vid Ghetto Fighters Monumentet i Warszawa. I Warszawa träffade hon Czeslaw Niemen en polsk musiker som spelade och sjöng (med gruppen Niebieskie gitary, strax innan hon skulle börja sin konsert. 

När Niemen sjöng "Czy mnie jeszcze pamiętasz", Marlena frågade Lucjan Kydryński, en polsk konferencier, vems låt det var för hon bara måste sjunga den. Hon fastnade för den låten och bad att få ändra lite i texten och sjunga den själv. 

Ett år senare kom ut en skiva med Niemens låt "Czy mnie jeszcze pamiętasz" blev "Mutter, hast du mir vergeben" med Dietrich tekst och röst på skivan "Die Neue Marlene".

Marlene Dietrich och Czeslaw Niemen (förste från höger) i Sala Kongresowa i Kulturpalatset i Warszawa. Bredvid Niemen troligen Helena Majdaniec, både var med i Niebieskie gitary.

Holocaust - Pinsk and Good Will - Dobra Wola - October 1942

I was looking on the internet for the pictures from the village of "Dobra Wola" - Good Will in English (real name) and "Pinsk". 

In Dobra Wola, 5 km west from city of Pinsk (Bielarus) in a few days (starting October 29, 1942), the Germans murdered the entire population of the Pinsk Ghetto. Among others, Wassermans, family of my father.

Almost all pictures on internet with "Dobra Wola"  and "Pinsk" are from the archives of Yad Vashem.

Almost all pictures on internet with "Dobra Wola"  and "Pinsk". are from the archives of Yad Vashem, Pages of Testimony are special forms designed by Yad Vashem to restore the personal identity and brief life stories of the six million Jews murdered during Holocaust. 

I looked more closely at one of them, Chaja Waserman was born in Pinsk, Poland in 1930 to Lejb and Khana nee Gleiberman. She was a child.  Prior to WWII she lived in Pinsk, Poland. During the war she was in Pinsk, Poland. Chaja was murdered/perished in 1942 in Dobra Wola, Poland at the age of 12. This information is based on a single Page of Testimony submitted by her relative, a Shoah survivor.

Pictures displayed above are numerous Pages of Testimony, that have been submitted to Yad Vashem since the mid-1950s by family members and friends, record the names and biographical data of those who perished.  Here they have two common features, words Pinsk and Dobra Wola, place of birth and the place the persons were murdered at.

Boruch Waserman, my grandfather, was born in Kalaurowicze, Poland in 1886 to Moshe and Rivka. He was a teacher and married. Prior to WWII he lived in Pinsk, Poland. During the war he was in Pinsk, Poland. Boruch was murdered/perished in 1942 in Pinsk, Poland. Submitted by his nephew.

The Pages of Testimony serve as symbolic paper tombstones for those who have no marked graves. They are an attempt to give the victims back their personal identity, and dignity, which the Nazis and their accomplices tried so hard to obliterate.

Revsuga så stavas den! eller Ajuga reptans L

Revsuga (så stavas den!) är en flerårig ört med kort jordstam och långa, rotslående utlöpare. Stjälken är upprätt, upp till tre decimeter hög, och tvåsidigt hårig. Bladen är omvänt äggrunda med hel eller svagt bukttandad kant, rosettbladen är långt skaftade. Revsuga blommar i maj-juni. Blommorna sitter i kransar i toppen av stjälken, de nedre blomkransarna är åtskilda medan de övre sitter tätt tillsammans. Blommornas övre stödblad är kortare än blommorna. Blomkronan är mörkt blåviolett och tvåläppig med en mycket liten överläpp. Ståndarna är håriga.

Revsuga är den enda av arterna i släktet sugor (Ajuga) som har rotslående utlöpare från stjälkbasen. De tre arterna kan korsa sig om de växer tillsammans, vanligast av hybriderna är hybridsuga som är en korsning mellan revsuga och blåsuga (A. pyramidalis).