Prior 1939
Korczaks orphanage opened it´s summer camp Różyczka in 1921, which remained in operation until the summer of 1940. Children from Dom Sierot at Krochmalna str and several other orphanages in Warszawa spent their time there.
 |
Children from Dom Sierot at Krochmalna str and from several other orphanages in Warszawa went to Różyczka during summer vacations. |
 |
| September 22nd, 1939. Hitler on the church tower in Czaplowizna - Glinki (Marysin Wawerski) watching the German attack on Warszawa. The man in goggles on his cap is general Erwin Rommel (later "Desert Fox") and next to him is Heinrich Himmler. Hitler came to the church by his 6-wheel Mercedes from a nearby city of Sulejówek where he visited Piłsudski´s country house "Milusin". From the church Hitler flew by the plane Ju-52 escorted by three Messerschmit planes. Hitlers trip to Warsaw was organized by Hitler's personal pilot Johann Peter Baur. Just befor Hitler visited Gdansk and stayed at his temporary lodgings in the Kasino-Hotel in Sopot (today's Grand Hotel). From Gdansk he flew in the direction of Lochow where he watched the destroyed Polish armored train and thereafter by car he drowe through Dębe near Minsk Mazowiecki reached Sulejówek. |
Różyczka, Korczak´s summer camp, was in the area called Czaplowizna. Houses of Różyczka summer camp were just within the blue squere - Koscielna street nr. 1.
Letters Cg on the map relate to brick plant (Polish - Cegielnia) at Koscielna str nr. 3. On the map from 1932 and I found the Church-convent and brick plant (Cg cegelnia) on the map. The area was called at that time Czaplowizna and area close to the convent, Glinki.
|
 |
| September 22nd, 1939. Hitler was watching from the church tower, the German offensive on the Warszawa. He left with a Ju-52 plane from the field close to Różyczka farm/summer camp (which was in operation until the summer of 1940). |
22 września 1939 . Hitler na wieży kościoła na Glinkach (Marysin Wawerski) ogląda płonącą Warszawę.Pan w goglach na czapce to Erwin Rommel ( późniejszy "Lis Pustyni") a za nim Heinrich Himmler.Hitler przybył tu swoim sześciokołowym Mercedesem z pobliskiego Sulejówka gdzie zwiedził dworek "Milusin" Piłsudskiego. Natomiast spod kościoła odleciał samolotem Ju-52 w asyście trzech Messerschmittów.Podróż Hitlera pod Warszawę zorganizował osobisty pilot Hitlera Johann Peter Baur.Najpierw ze swojej tymczasowej kwatery w Kasino-Hotel w Sopocie (dzisiejszy Grand Hotel) wyleciał w kierunku Łochowa gdzie oglądał zniszczony polski pociąg pancerny potem drogą lądową poprzez Dębe Wielkie pod Mińskiem Mazowieckim dotarł do Sulejówka.
Urywki z artykułu "Niechciana wizyta inspekcyjna" wg. Ryszarda Musiałowicza
Następnie Hitler przez Strachówkę i Stanisławów udał się na obrzeża Mińska Mazowieckiego (Stojadła). Nieprawdziwe są informacje, że nocował w Mińsku Mazowieckim. Wg historyków kłamliwa jest również wypowiedź Hitlera o tamtejszym noclegu, z 16/17.09.1939. Później udał się do Glinek (obecnie okolice Wawra). Przypuszczenia na temat odbycia tej drogi są niejasne, albo pojechał przez Kołbiel, albo przez Dębe Wielkie. W książce Bogdana Kucia i Jana Majszyka zatytułowanej „Dębe Wielkie we wrześniu 1939 roku”, odnaleźć można fragment, który wyraźnie informuje, że 22 września 1939 roku Hitler był ze swoją świtą w Dębem Wielkim. Potwierdza to również plan trasy inspekcyjnej zawarty w książce „Auf Den Strassen Des Sieges” (Na drogach zwycięstwa) - to hitlerowski paszkwil z 1939 r. Otto Dietricha.
W dalszej drodze Hitler udał się do Glinek (obecnie Marysin Wawerski), gdzie z wieży miejscowego kościoła oglądał płonącą Warszawę. Wieża kościoła stanowiła jeden z najdogodniejszych w okolicy punktów obserwacji walczącej Warszawy. Dlatego też Hitler w dniu 22 września 1939 r. przebywał tam w asyście Himmlera. Jak wynika ze wspomnień sióstr Felicjanek po tej mało zaszczytnej dla nich wizycie, Niemcy tłumnie przybywali oglądać wieżę, na której przez chwilę stało ich bożyszcze. W krótkim też czasie wykupiono wszystkie pocztówki kościoła – cegiełki na wykończenie świątyni, których przez wiele lat nie udało się siostrom sprzedać. Również w tym miejscu Hitler dostał rzekomo meldunek o śmierci (w pobliżu) swojego generała Werner von Fritscha (którego zwłoki tego samego dnia zawieziono do kościoła pw. Andrzeja Boboli w Strudze I. Następnie przez Rembertów (gdzie niebawem powstała baza niemieckich pociągów pancernych, a wśród nich ocalałe wagony również z polskich pancerniaków), okolice Zielonki, Strugę (obecnie Marki), Radzymin udał się z powrotem na polowe lotnisko pod Wyszków i odleciał samolotem w kierunku Gdańska. Warto wspomnieć, że Hitler odbywał swoje triumfalne podróże także specjalnym pociągiem pancernym „Amerika” (od lutego 1943 roku zmieniono nazwę na „Brandenburg”). Pociąg składał się zazwyczaj z 13 wagonów, był ciągnięty przez dwie lokomotywy. Najczęściej były to lokomotywy na węgiel, co miało być zabezpieczeniem na wypadek zerwania trakcji elektrycznej.
Właśnie z wybrzeża „Amerika” wyruszyła pod Warszawę, by dowieźć Hitlera i jego świtę na „widowisko", oglądane przez nożycową lornetę, jakim było dobijanie Warszawy. W swoich pociągowych kwaterach i w „Americe” spotykał się, np. z Horthym, Antonescu, Mussolinim czy Ciano. „Amerika” była pierwszą wojenną kwaterą wodza III Rzeszy podczas działań wojennych we wrześniu 1939 roku. Wiadomo, że po przybyciu do Gdańska swoim „pancernym Orient Ekspressem” dwa dni spędził w sopockim Grand Hotelu, z lubością wpatrując się przez lornetkę w płonące resztki polskich bastionów na Helu. Najczęściej używanym samolotem do odwiedzin na frontach w Polsce m.in. 22 września 1939 roku był transportowy Junkers 52.
Jeśli Hitler chciał dotrzeć do linii frontu tak, jak w dniu 22 września 1939 roku, wsiadał w terenową sześciokołową opancerzoną limuzynę Mercedes.
My father worked there before WWII. He probably visited this area on September 10th 1944 when he was leading an attack from South-East, towards Praga. It is known that by the end of day "his division" broke through the first and second positions of German defense, smashed German troops in the area of Glinki and reached the road between Czaplowizna - Wawer, the road that my father knew so well from Korczak summer camp Różyczka. Różyczka was at street called Klasztorna street (Convent str) as there was an convent (klasztor), there. Korczaks summer camp was located at Klasztorna street nr. 1, approx. 250 meters from the Convent. Later this week my father was wounded when entering Praga. He lost his hearing on one ear.
1940 - Epilog
The only known document, bilingual letter, signed by Janusz Korczak both with Goldschmidt and with Korczak signatures. The letter was a kind of epilogue for the Summer camp Rózyczka. The letter was addressed to German authorities. Later, Korczak started to use a rubber stamp with both names!
1944
On September 10th, the 1st Polish Infantry Division were assigned to the 76th and 175th Soviet Infantry Divisions and broke through the defensive lines at Miedzylesie and pushed on to the edge of the road running from Czaplowizna-Wawer. On 12th September the Polish Division had seized Kaweczyn and were on the outskirts of Praga by the evening. At dawn of 13th September the 1st Polish Infantry Division fought through the streets, almost house to house fight, towards Dworzec Wschodni - railway station and overcame numerous counter-attacks until the Dworzec Wilenski - railway station was captured. At the same time the 175th Soviet Infantry Division captured Grochów while the 76th Soviet Infantry Division captured Targówek. The German 70th Army was repulsed and the front line still held at Praga.
One of the Polish children left at the convent described Polish/Russian offensive in 1944: On September 10th (14th ?) 1944 at about three o'clock at the basement of the Convent, a very young nun ran with a cry of "Polish Army." The room emptied immediately. I saw the Polish and Soviet soldiers. They were dirty, dusty, tired but happy to see the smiling faces Polish children. They kissed us, shirked flap their uniforms and showed them pinned medals and images of Our Lady of Czestochowa. The joy was enormous. We all hugged, kissed, cried. Other soldiers were searching for the hidden Germans. Those who are prepared to blow up the church. They found them, but what happened to them - I do not know.
After WWII
All buildings at Klasztorna 1 (Convent) street survived WWII however nothing is left after them. The street is renamed, now Korkowa str and the Convent building 280 meters (approx. 300 yards) south from Klasztorna (street) is still there. See Convent building at bottom right on Google Earth picture. There is not a single sign after Rózyczka summer camp houses. The area is fully occupied by houses build in 60-ties and only the names of streets like Old Doctor St and King Matt I, are witnessing about former summer camp.
Today on Google Earth. It was rather difficult to find the same area on Google Earth. Finally, I found Klasztorna (Convent) street - now Korkowa street and the Convent building 280 meters (approx. 300 yards) south from Klasztorna (street).
1940 - Epilog
 |
Różyczka 1940, during WWII. It is one of 462 pictures selected for the albums aimed for American JOINT. The pictures were mounted on yellow cardboard sheets that also included brief descriptions, and the name and address of the institution that was shown on the image. It is not clear who received these albums and how many they became and what became of them during the war but some survived. Besides pictures from last year (1940) at Różyczka summer camp there are some pictures from Krochmalna 92. Just before they moved to Chlodna street in the ghetto.
|
The only known document, bilingual letter, signed by Janusz Korczak both with Goldschmidt and with Korczak signatures. The letter was a kind of epilogue for the Summer camp Rózyczka. The letter was addressed to German authorities. Later, Korczak started to use a rubber stamp with both names!
 |
| The only known document, bilingual letter (In German and in Polish), signed by Janusz Korczak both with Goldschmidt and with Korczak signatures. The letter was a kind of epilogue for the Summer camp Rózyczka. The letter was addressed to German authorities. Later, Korczak started to use a rubber stamp with both names! |
1944
On September 10th, the 1st Polish Infantry Division were assigned to the 76th and 175th Soviet Infantry Divisions and broke through the defensive lines at Miedzylesie and pushed on to the edge of the road running from Czaplowizna-Wawer. On 12th September the Polish Division had seized Kaweczyn and were on the outskirts of Praga by the evening. At dawn of 13th September the 1st Polish Infantry Division fought through the streets, almost house to house fight, towards Dworzec Wschodni - railway station and overcame numerous counter-attacks until the Dworzec Wilenski - railway station was captured. At the same time the 175th Soviet Infantry Division captured Grochów while the 76th Soviet Infantry Division captured Targówek. The German 70th Army was repulsed and the front line still held at Praga.
 |
| On September 10th, the 1st Polish Infantry Division were assigned to the 76th and 175th Soviet Infantry Divisions and broke through the defensive lines at Miedzylesie and pushed on to the edge of the road running from Czaplowizna-Wawer. |
 |
| My father was among these soldiers. it was on September 10th 1944. Różyczka summer camp is on the front, left. Exactly on this field, the plane with Hitler landed on September 22, 1939. Hitler was from the church tower watching the German attack on Warsaw, (see picture above at year 1939). |
One of the Polish children left at the convent described Polish/Russian offensive in 1944: On September 10th (14th ?) 1944 at about three o'clock at the basement of the Convent, a very young nun ran with a cry of "Polish Army." The room emptied immediately. I saw the Polish and Soviet soldiers. They were dirty, dusty, tired but happy to see the smiling faces Polish children. They kissed us, shirked flap their uniforms and showed them pinned medals and images of Our Lady of Czestochowa. The joy was enormous. We all hugged, kissed, cried. Other soldiers were searching for the hidden Germans. Those who are prepared to blow up the church. They found them, but what happened to them - I do not know.
After WWII
All buildings at Klasztorna 1 (Convent) street survived WWII however nothing is left after them. The street is renamed, now Korkowa str and the Convent building 280 meters (approx. 300 yards) south from Klasztorna (street) is still there. See Convent building at bottom right on Google Earth picture. There is not a single sign after Rózyczka summer camp houses. The area is fully occupied by houses build in 60-ties and only the names of streets like Old Doctor St and King Matt I, are witnessing about former summer camp.
 |
| The shadow of the Convent building is at bottom right on this tillted Google Earth picture. There is not a single sign (here the yellow square) after Rózyczka summer camp buildings. The area is fully occupied by houses build in 60-ties |
Today on Google Earth. It was rather difficult to find the same area on Google Earth. Finally, I found Klasztorna (Convent) street - now Korkowa street and the Convent building 280 meters (approx. 300 yards) south from Klasztorna (street).
