Korczak - Kolonie letnie and Dom Sierot as photographed in newspapers

In 1898, Korczak graduated from the gymnasium and enrolled at the Faculty of Medicine of the Imperial University of Warsaw. Here is his photograph in the official student uniform. The technique used in this printed photograph is called halftone printing. The halftone technique means that the image is created by large and small dots (a raster) on a white background. In this way, dots create the image. The technique gives smoother transitions and a more "photographic feel" compared to the previously used etchings.

In 1909 Promyk, a bi-weekly newspaper, published Mośki, Joski i Srule about the camp for Jewish boys at Michalówka. The first chapter was published on June 15, 1909. Some months later Promyk published another story from the camps for Christian boys in “Wilhelmówka”. In the first story, about Jewish boys, there were no photos, just drawings. This is probably just due to the lack of photos as the Korczaks story about Christian boys appeared in the same newspaper just weeks after Mośki, Joski i Srule were published.

Newspaper ŚWIAT, nr. 35, 29 August 1908. In 1908 the photos provided by Korczak were published in the newspaper Swiat. Korczak worked as an educator during the camps for Christian boys in “Wilhelmówka” in the summer of 1908. The good quality of the paper allowed the publishing of the photos.

Newspaper Promyk published in 1909 photos provided by Korczak who worked as an educator during the camps for Christian boys in “Wilhelmówka” (1908). Some of the photos were the same as the ones published a year earlier in Swiat. Previously, the same year, Promyk published Mośki, Joski i Srule about the camp for Jewish boys at Michalówka. The good quality of the paper allowed the publishing of the photos.

Three girls from the summer camp Zofiówka. It was actually the newspaper Promyk that published in 1909 photos provided by Korczak. Korczak worked as an educator during the camps for Christian boys in “Wilhelmówka”  and Zofiówka, for girls was located next to it. Some of the photos were the same as the ones published a year earlier in ŚWIAT. Previously, the same year, Promyk published Mośki, Joski i Srule about the camp for Jewish boys at Michalówka. The good quality of the paper allowed the publishing of the photos.

Korczak's experiences as an educator at the Jewish after they were first published in installments in numerous newspapers were published as a book. Mośki, Joski i Srule was printed in 1909. The illustrator, Sara Lipszycowa likely used photographs from Christian summer camp as templates for her drawings from the Jewish summer camp. The clothing at both camps was the same. Here You can easily see that the two pages have been printed on different types of paper (which also yellowed differently). Often different printing houses were used for this.

In the very first Mały Przegląd from October 9th. 1926, Korczaks explains that illustrations in the newspaper are a great idea but they are very expensive. 

Mały Przegląd - First photo in the Korczaks newspaper - Misza Geller R.2, nr 26 (April 1, 1927).

Several supplements were published by Nasz Przegląd (Our Review). Here, on the left Korczaks Przegląd (Little Review), was edited on Fridays and Nasz Przegląd Ilustrowany (Our Review Illustrated) was edited on Sundays. Korczaks newspaper, Mały Przegląd was published on ordinary quality paper while Nasz Przegląd Ilustrowany was printed on a better paper quality. The technique used in this printed photograph is called halftone printing. 

Nasz Przegląd Ilustrowany (Our Review Illustrated). Jubilee of the 25th anniversary of the Orphan Aid Society, Warsaw 1933. In the upper left corner - Janusz Korczak, in the right - Maurycy Mayzel, then president of the society. 

Nasz Przegląd Ilustrowany was printed on better paper quality. The technique used in this printed photograph is called halftone printing. 

Jubilee of the 25th anniversary of the Orphan Aid Society, Warsaw 1933. In the upper left corner - Janusz Korczak, in the right - is Maurycy Mayzel, then president of the society.

Many years ago, I investigated Korczaks newspaper Mały Przegląd. I was particularly looking for the very first photograph that appeared in this newspaper. I found the photo of "The Strongest Man" - Misza Geller to be the first. Mały Przegląd (Little Review) appeared weekly on Fridays. Of course, the main newspaper Nasz Przegląd published photos much earlier and also published a special supplement on Sundays, a newspaper, Nasz Przegląd Ilustrowany.

Nasz Przegląd (Our Review) published a total of 8,962 issues between March 1923 and September 1939, with circulation estimates varying from 20,000 to 50,000. As Korczaks Mały Przegląd (Little Review) appeared as a supplement to „Nasz Przegląd” it had the same circulation with some extra newspapers sent mail within Poland and also abroad.

„Mały Przegląd”, as a weekly extra to „Nasz Przegląd” („Our Review”), was published from October 9th, 1926 to September 1, 1939. The founder and the first editor of this extraordinary magazine was Janusz Korczak. The editorial office was located in two rooms made available by „Nasz Przegląd” at Nowolipki 7. 

Today, it is hard to imagine magazines without pictures. But the fact is that newspapers, in various forms, existed for quite a long time without any pictures in them. Partly because the possibility of printing newspapers came much earlier than the possibility of taking photographs in general, but also because it took a while before people figured out how to print pictures. The first photographic image printed in a newspaper, a photomechanical reproduction ( not using an etching as a basis) of a photograph appeared in the Daily Graphic on March 4, 1880. The technique used then is called halftone printing. The halftone technique means that the image is created by large and small dots of black color on a white background, which in this way creates the image. The technique gives smoother transitions and a more "photographic feel" compared to the etchings.

To publish photographs was not only a question of printing technique. Halftone printing techniques required modern machines and also a better quality of paper to be used. Some newspapers like Nasz Przeglad used, therefore, supplements that were printed on paper with better quality that allowed satisfactory reproduction of photographs. At the same time when newspapers began to feature photographs, more routinely lighter cameras were introduced (in the 1920s). Also in books, one was using separate pages to print photos and drawings that required a better quality. This process is also used nowadays.

Newspaper Promyk published in 1909 photos provided by Korczak/Goldszmit who worked as an educator during the camps for Christian boys in “Wilhelmówka” (1908). Some of the photos were the same as the ones published a year earlier in Swiat. Previously, the same year, Promyk published Mośki, Joski i Srule about the camp for Jewish boys at Michalówka.

Korczak's experiences as an educator at the Jewish and Christian summer camps that were first published in installments in numerous newspapers resulted in two books: Mośki, Joski i Srule (1909) and Józki, Jaśki i Franki (1910).

Nasz Przegląd Ilustrowany (Our Review Illustrated) was printed on better paper quality. The technique used in this printed photograph is called halftone printing. It was printed (above) Feniks printing office at 12 Graniczna Street while Nasz Przegląd (Our Review) and also Korczaks Little Review were printed at Nowolipki Street where the editorial offices were located.

Photo of Korczaks "Dom Sierot" printed separately on special paper and enclosed as a last page in "Diary" of the Help for Orphans Society in Warsaw for 1914.  It was later called "Report" -  Pamiętnik Towarzystwa "Pomoc dla Sierot" w Warszawie za rok 1914