Monday, January 8, 2024

The departure from Sweden was kept in the dark until the last minute. Jewish Exodus in January 1947.

 Monogeneration. "The Jewish Refugees Welfare Society" planned that 650 +. Jews, Holocaust survivors, would depart during the period December 1946-January 1947, from the port of Trelleborg. The destination was Eretz Israel. Before the trip, the Holocaust survivors were to gather in safe, secret places preferably near Trelleborg or along the Gävle-Stockholm railway line and then Stockholm-Trelleborg.

"The Jewish Refugees Welfare Society" (actually Haganah) planned that 650 + Jews, Holocaust survivors, would depart during the period December 1946-January 1947,  from the port of Trelleborg. The destination was Eretz Israel. Before the trip, the Holocaust survivors were to gather in safe, secret places preferably near Trelleborg or along the Gävle-Stockholm railway line and then Stockholm-Trelleborg. A chartered SJ train was to run the above routes the night just before the ship's departure. 

Few who were notified about it were, of course, the Swedish passport and customs authorities, the port office in Trelleborg, and the SJ personnel (SJ Sveriges Järnvägar - Swedish Railway). 

Everyone else involved was to be kept in the dark until the last minute. The survivors who were to board the boat and who worked were not to inform their employers about the trip, just not come to work at the appointed time. Information about the assembly places, close to Trelleborg, where the survivors who were not arriving by train, was also kept secret. 

Despite all of these precautions, the information about the trip leaked to the Swedish press, potentially jeopardizing the whole operation.

The first newspaper to "leak" the information was Trelleborgs Tidningen and then Dagens Nyheter. The information seems to have reached the editors early, before 21 January 1947, because it was already published on January 22. The entire secret plan, including the places where the survivors would gather before the voyage, was published at the same time as their ship S/S Ulua, stopped to stock up on fuel in Copenhagen, and when most of the future passengers were still spread over half of Sweden, from Malmö in the south to Gävle in the north.

The date 24.1.1947, January 24th, 1947 is also, the common date for the departure of 550 girls and women and 94 boys and men from the harbor of Trelleborg with destination Eretz Israel. Early on that morning they arrived with special trains to the Trelleborg Harbor and boarded the ship S/S Ulua.

The date 24.1.1947, January 24th, 1947 is also, the common date for the departure of 550 girls and women and 94 boys and men from the harbor of Trelleborg with destination Eretz Israel. Early on that morning they arrived with special trains to the Trelleborg Harbor and boarded the ship S/S Ulua. The youngest onboard was 13 and the older was in the late thirties. All of them were Jewish Holocaust survivors. The biggest group was girls around twenty. Another, important characteristic of the group was that they were, mono-generation. Monogeneration means without parents, younger brothers, and sisters, grandparents, without a country to return to. They arrived in Sweden at the end of WWII, between late April 1945 and mid-July 1945. 

During this particular period thousands of DPs (Displaced persons) were brought to Sweden in the actions remembered as White buses and White boats. Two unexpected trains with former inmates of concentration camps came to Denmark and survivors were further transported to Sweden. Most of the non-Jewish DPs returned to their home countries after some weeks/months of convalescence in Sweden. Most of the Holocaust survivors came to Sweden by UNRRA mission White boats (June-July 1945) and in the mentioned two trains to Padborg, Denmark (May 1945). Some Jewish survivors were brought to Sweden on the last day of White bus transports, the action that ended on April 28, 1945, when the last White bus arrived in Sweden.

The Sextant from S/S Ulua. It is the most important instrument of a Navigator's equipment and is by custom, usually provided by the individual himself. Before GPS it was the main navigation instrument giving the accurate position of the vessel.

The date January 24th, 1947 is the date for the departure of 550 girls and women and 94 boys and men from the harbor of Trelleborg with destination Eretz Israel. Most of them were Holocaust survivors who arrived to Sween with UNRRA White Boats (Juene-July 1945).